A stoma is a surgically created opening in the abdominal wall that allows waste, either feces or urine, to exit the body into a collection pouch or bag. Ostomy surgery is used to create a stoma.
A stoma typically on the right side of the abdomen through which a piece of the ileum (lowest part of the small intestine) is brought outside the abdominal wall to create an exit through which digested food which has passed through the small intestine passes into an external pouching system. This can be done because of a disease process or an injury. This can be either permanent or temporary.
A stoma typically on the left side of the abdomen through which a piece of the colon (large intestine) is brought outside the abdominal wall to create an exit through which digested food passes from the colon into an external pouching system. A colostomy is made when a portion of the colon or rectum is removed due to a disease process or damaged area of the colon.
A stoma typically on the right side of the abdomen through which urine passes. A urostomy procedure may be performed when the bladder is either not functioning or has to be removed. There are several different types of surgeries, but the most common are an ileal conduit using a short piece of the ilium between the ureters and the external pouch or a colonic conduit using a short piece of the colon.
.A surgically created J-shaped internal reservoir made from an individual’s own small intestine and connected to the anus as an alternate way to store and pass stool. J-Pouch creation is most often a multi-step surgery that requires a temporary ileostomy (stoma) on the abdomen and the use of an external pouching system to eliminate waste. When successful the stoma is closed, the small intestine is attached to the J-Pouch, and patients return to storing stool internally and eliminating waste through the anus.
The creation of a reservoir (neobladder) that is surgically anastomosed (connected) to the urethra. It is created for those who do not want a stoma and wish to void per the urethra. Reservoirs are typically created from 20-24 inches (50-60 cm) of the ileum.